The history of calligraphy 201210912 shungo sato

The history of calligraphy 201210912 shungo sato

Calligraphy is developed in various regions. It seems to have developed not only in China but also in Europe. But, development in China was very active. I would like to introduce about the history of this time in China, how did the development.

Kokotsumoji was a letter that could be the first. This is what is made to resemble the appearance of such animals. This typeface that written “kokotsumoji” is called “tenshotai”. Age advances, typeface began to change. I will give the details later. The number of letters changed significantly. The early days was about 3000 letters, but eventually increasing to 50,000 letters.

A time that calligraphy was most prevalent in China is “Tang”. Emperor taizong of tang is one of the emperors that most known people in Chinese history. During his reign, national power became active and people became rich. He has not been well-known to the people, he loved art. He is familiar with calligraphy, and a calligrapher with considerable attainments. Taizong of Tang learned calligraphy and widely collected works of master calligrapher, during its reign. He had to watch them relaxation of state affair. The works of calligraphy prominent transmitted to posterity, there is a “hot spring inscription” and “Ming Jin Shrine”. Spacious and gallantly, Hisuryoku of the former and the latter is a strong flowing. With excellent refinement of the Emperor from the spacing of the characters will diverge, it is not comparable at all even in the midst of the landlord of it calligraphy.

Effects Tang Taizong gave the history Chinese calligraphy is not only that created a work that he did outstanding calligraphy. His greatest achievement is that spread and encouraged calligraphy. He realized it by using the identity of the emperor. For example, he established the educational institutions of calligraphy called “shogaku”. In addition, he was one of the criteria for selection of calligraphy in the imperial examination is a test for selecting the bureaucracy. Institutionalized as request for the selection of public officials calligraphy art, this was the strongest driving force of prosperity of the arts.

　

By Taizong of Tang was proposed, it is a kind of trendy to learn calligraphy. Many writers became to the study of calligraphy. As a result, the expert was produced at this time, the Tang Dynasty was the climax of calligraphy art. If it had not been proposed Taizong of the Dynasty and spread, then a lot of expert is not produced, would not also bear his name in history. In this way, Tang Dynasty was the most brilliant one page in the history of Chinese calligraphy. Next, I would like to introduce how the calligraphy was introduced to Japan.

The origin of calligraphy 201210912 shungo sato

The origin of calligraphy 201210912  shungo sato

 

Topic:  The origin of calligraphy

What is calligraphy? At first, the letter was used only as means to convey. With development of the culture, a method to express was born aesthetic by a letter. Such aesthetic letters are called “sho”, and learning about that is calligraphy.  In generally, a thing used to writing brash and Chinese ink is called “mohitu”, and a thing used to a pen is called “kohitu”.

･ The origin of letters

The origin of calligraphy is Chinese. The Han race moved to the Yellow River coast from the northwest about 5,000 years ago. And the place became cultural center.  Because people carried out agriculture and livestock farming. Then, the letter was born, and Chinese calligraphy is beginning. Compare to the letter at the time with current letter, there are big difference. For example, at that time, the letter that mimics the shape of the animal was common. Shape of the letter began to change over time. The origin of writing brash and Chinese ink is not known clearly. But there are some theories. I would like to introduce to the origin of brash and Chinese ink.

･ The origin of writing brash and chinese ink

Nobody knows for sure. When the letter was born, Chinese people had dug letters in animal bone or metal. Then people used to a knife. Originally, writing brash and Chinese ink was not born to write the letter. They are created to color in pottery. These is the story of the years from 1600 to 1050 BC. Several hundred years, the brash was used to write the letter finally.

･ The origin of paper               

 The origin of the paper is said to be "papyrus" in ancient Egypt 5,000 years ago. But, the paper that we know were quite different. Which was the original form of the current paper is one that is present in the era of the Chinese Han. It is the story about 200 BC. Fabrication technology of this paper was spread by trade through the Silk Road.

･ Beginning of  “mohitu”

In this way, the tools of calligraphy is laid. From 206 BC to 221 BC, Chinese general “moten” had begun to “mohitu”. He made new calligraphy brash. At the time, the brush was made ​​from rabbit hair. In addition, a variety of animals, such as deer, cats, horses, goats were used. He was presented the brash to the emperor. This was a chance to spread calligraphy.

Calligraphy has a long history. Calligraphy has undergone various changes in its long history. Calligraphy has been developed not only in China but also in the West. Here is quite different from the Chinese Calligraphy. Next , I would like to introduce the history of these.

･sources

大島正二 『漢字伝来』（岩波新書、2006年）

http://www1.odn.ne.jp/j-kingdom/02.html

http://iroha-japan.net/iroha/C01_accomplish/03_shodo.html